The rationale of stipulating exit opening size is to avoid total removal of the staircase enclosures. It shall clearly show the layout of the floor in the correct orientation and highlight the escape routes (in relation to viewer’s location), escape corridors and exit staircases using appropriate colours, directional signs and words. (5) Where locking is required for doors of smoke-free lobby, fire lift lobby or exit staircase on the re-entry floor, they shall be fitted with an electro- mechanical locking device complying with Cl.2.3.9k.(1). Airport, the Changi Airfreight Centre or Seletar shall comply with all fire safety requirements, safety instructions, permit to work system and hot work procedures required by SCDF and as stipulated by CAG's Fire Safety Manual. However, very often the escape path may be made non-viable because of smoke. The building shall be open-sided having not less than 50% of the sides (front, rear and sides elevations) permanently open, with such openings being evenly distributed around the perimeter walls, excluding perimeter walls to air well, so as to provide effective cross ventilation to all parts of the car parking decks. (d) The clear width of the exit doors leading to an external space shall be adequate to receive the occupant load in the 1st storey circulation space and the total number of people discharging from the internal exit staircases. a. The exit passageway B, on the fourth floor, is used to provide the safety of an exit occupants travelling to the exit stair enclosure. These are the owner’s responsibility: 1. SUBMISSION DOCUMENTS FOR FIRE SAFETY. Figure 2.3.8b. Clause 2.3 - MEANS OF ESCAPE REQUIREMENTS. Winder is a tapered tread used to change the direction of a stairway. To reduce information overload to occupants during emergency egress, a sign indicating the floor level and the direction to the exit discharge is permitted to be placed as a separate sign with another sign indicating the floor level, the terminus of the top and bottom of the stair enclosure, and the identification of the stair. Where an exit door consists of 2 unequal leaves, the smaller leaf may not be required to be provided with sequential closer if it is bolted in closed position, provided the clear width of opening of the larger leaf is not less than 1m, and able to meet the full exit capacity in terms of units of width required. LTD.Acc No. This is not an obligation you only have towards your own safety, your employees’ health, and your business; by making sure that the fire hazard is reduced or even eliminated, you comply to responsibilities everyone has towards the entire environment. As a Fire Protection Company in Singapore, Fire Safety SG was founded to provide fire safety defensive measures and quality equipment to our dear business partners and consumers, giving you a better chance at fighting and preventing deadly fires. Exit ramps shall have walls, guards or handrails and shall comply with the applicable requirements of Cl.2.3.3d. It will also help to prevent wheelchair users from being accidentally struck/knocked by the door swing. (2) Approached via external exit passageway or external corridor. (3) The letters and numbers on the sign can be of any colour that provides contrast with the background colour. Alternatively, a two-way communication system shall be available inside the lift lobby for use by trapped occupants to call for help. This is a 5-storey building. a. This is a good time to review the ones we have so far. 4. Entry to exit staircase shall be via smoke-stop lobby. It also serves as a guide when smoke enters the stairway in a quantity sufficient to interfere with ones vision or when the stair lighting system fails. Fire Safety SG sells professional quality fire equipment in Singapore and we help all businesses and individuals increase their protection against any fire. The signs facilitate awareness of one's location for building occupants and firefighters within the enclosed stairway. Singapore Civil Defence Force. Only Qualified Persons who are registered architects and professional engineers will be able to prepare your submission. Clause 2.3.9l. : 04011109674, 4) Cash on Delivery (No cash payment for self collection). All fire doors except those to cupboards and service ducts should be fitted with self-closing devices to ensure the positive closure of the door. Fire Detection and Alarm System 21 ... with all requirements of the Fire and Emergency Services Act 1990 or the Building Fire Safety Regulation 2008. Lower part of staircase shaft where habitable height exceeding 24m, it shall be pressurised. removal of the staircase enclosures. (3) Fire-rated doors to the external exit staircases shall be provided unless the conditions given in Cl.2.3.3a(4) are fully complied with. The number of exit doors opening into the internal exit passageway shall not exceed two. Door A - One-way locking device is allowed, provided it is linked to the building’s fire alarm system. Winders are only permitted in access staircase within the residential unit. The dotted lines indicate the space that would be used by occupants exiting in the staircase. (3) for the exit access door between smoke-free lobby/fire lift lobby and occupancy area on re-entry floor. B shall be > A and C shall be < 80mm. (1) A one-way travel or “common path” exists if a floor space is arranged or provided with partitioning works such that occupants within that space are able to travel in only one direction to reach any of the exits or to reach the splitting point where they have the choice of two or more routes of travel to remote exits. However, it may be permitted with limitations as provided for under Cl.2.3.7, or otherwise consented by the SCDF. All exit staircases shall be ventilated by fixed openings in the external walls, such openings being of area not less than 10% of the floor area per floor of the staircase, or mechanically ventilated to comply with the requirements in Chapter 7. Full-time, temporary, and part-time jobs. The site incident commander (SIC) will be notified and he will inform SCDF Control Room by telephone after initial assessment of the situation. The sliding door/ roller shutter shall automatically open to the required width/ height (of door opening) upon the activation of the fire alarm. (3) - 2: Unprotected openings of external wall to staircase. For pressurisation of exit staircase, an intermediate staircase landing door is permitted. - 1 : Ventilation openings. This exit passageway might have been built to meet the travel distance limitation. The Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF) places great importance in the selection of buildings products with respect to fire safety of buildings. Wicket doors are permitted to be incorporated within a roller shutter or sliding door. The smoke-stop lobby acts as a buffer to prevent smoke from getting into the staircase. Mr. David Goh is the Managing Director of Vanguard Fire Systems and Vice-president of the Fire Safety Managers’ Association. Owners and managers of buildings must ensure that the buildings comply with fire safety requirements, and people can be quickly and safely evacuated during a fire emergency… An exit passageway is a versatile feature, because it can be used to extend an exit, or, as in done in many cases, it can be used to bring an exit closer to where the occupants are located. Should there be any fault in the electrical or sensor device, or any power failure (either mains or battery powered), these doors shall automatically open and remain in an open position until power is restored. (2) - 2 : Cross-ventilated exit staircase of commercial block with external corridor approach. In response to the feedback, it was decided that powered sliding doors, roller shutters and swing doors that belong to the unit owners or tenants are not required to be linked to the building fire alarm system, provided that they are designed fail safe type, installed with manual over-ride, and do not form part of the building’s protection system, for example, smoke control systems. scdf alarm 1 aug. Requirements on setback requirements under Cl.3.5 shall be used to determine the separation distance between building’s openings at A and staircase’s openings at B, subject to minimum 3m. (2)(a) to (e) below are permitted to be installed across the exit access leading to exits, including the exterior door openings, except in areas stipulated under Cl.2.3.9c. - 5 : Remoteness of exit staircase - Arrangement of exits. The width of the egress path at the discharge point shall not be less than the width of the exit staircase. Usually, these are more dangerous, as well; fire hazard is a reality for both homes and businesses, and you should not neglect the safety regulations in effect in your area. Isolate the fire alarm bell. (1) For activation of SCDF: The message to be used to activate SCDF and Police Force during emergency shall include the following information :- (a) Location of the incidents. (1) : Exit doors & exit access doors. (1) Any door located in a path of travel shall be of the side-hinged or pivoted swing type. a. This requirement is especially important for exit access doors serving more than 50 persons and all exit doors. The purpose of controlling the depth and location of the entrance alcove/corridor is to limit/prevent storage of combustible items within this space and to maintain the integrity of the egress path and the exit staircase(s). The maximum door opening force shall be 30N at 0° and 20N at 30° opening. Such staircase shall not be more than 10m in height. 2. Currently, the code allows minimum 50% of the staircase exits in a sprinkler-protected building to be discharged through the ground level circulation space, which must be within 10m from exterior safe area. (d) Leakage with or without fire. Pursuant to section 15 of the Fire Services (Fire Hazard Abatement) Regulations, Cap 95F, Laws of Hong Kong, In a building comprising more than four basement storeys, the exit staircase connecting to the fire lift lobby shall be pressurised. Mechanical ventilation is not allowed for PG II, except for a staircase storey shelter. Similarly, the width of the exit ramp shall have the adequate exit capacity to receive the occupant load from the floor space it serves. These distances specified have been validated through fire engineering study. Where two exit staircases, exit passageways or exit ramps are inter-connected by a corridor, exit separation can be measured along the line of travel within the exit access corridor. A winder is a tapered tread used to change the direction of a stairway. If you search for information on fire safety regulations, you will learn that certain types of equipment are needed on site. Requirements for building products under Fire Safety and Shelter Department. 1. 1 SCHOOL OF CIVIL & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOTECHNICS LABORATORY 2010 Standard Operation Procedure(SOP) and Safety Operational Manual Prepared By: Mr. Vincent Heng Hiang Kim, Mr. Andy Koh Sun Door at landing is only permitted for a partially pressurised internal exit staircase for the purpose of maintaining positive pressure within the staircase. The rear portion of shop unit C shall have 3m blank wall next to the staircase, otherwise smoke could be channelled into the staircase where there is a fire in the shop. The Fire Safety Act and other regulations can be found on governmental websites, including Singapore Civil Defence Force’s (SCDF) website. Exit staircase is cross-ventilated & maintained under smoke-free condition at all times. Fire Safety Engineering Qualification 5 continuous years of practical experience (3 yrs to involve PB design) Free from offence under: •Fire Safety Act •Professional Engineers Act •Architects Act Pass an interview by SCDF. This would help to alleviate any fear of disorientation by a person using the exit staircase during a fire 3. - 2 : Exit passageway used to keep travel distance from becoming excessive. The door shall be designed and installed so that when swung open, it does not prevent full use of the opening. These requirements are reinstated in this edition of the Fire Code to ensure the exit staircases meet minimum requirements for safe evacuation of occupants and access by firefighters for rescue and firefighting. The maximum exit doors and exit access doors opening force shall be 30N at 0° and 20N at 30° opening. Fire System Testing Requirements Guideline Mirmgate ISO Type 2 certification system consists ... FIRE SAFETY GUIDELINES - SCDF Fire Alarm System - … This clause serves to address different modes of ventilation allowed within a single staircase shaft. The main concern is that extra effort and time would be needed to manually open the roller shutter or sliding door. (1) Level platforms or landings shall be provided at the bottom, at intermediate levels where required and at the top of all exit ramps. The intent of this provision is to provide vital egress information to the occupants of a building and to firefighters. The result was convincing as it Figure 2.3.1 - 1 : Location of sign in scissor exit staircases. (7), would be able to provide good venting for smoke and heat, doors of apartment or maisonette units opening into such external corridors, as shown in Figure 2.3.10d., need not have fire resistance rating. A ramp can be used for vertical exit similar to that of an exit staircase provided its gradients meet the requirements. It shall remain unlocked until the building fire alarm system has been manually reset; and. School. public policies that establish a certain conduct for people living and working in the area in case there is a fire and what to do to prevent such an event from happening (3) The minimum width and length of a platform or landing shall be not less than the width of the ramp, except that on a straight run ramp, the length of the level platform or landing need not be more than 1m. (4)(e) & (f), the separation distance between the entrance alcove/corridor and the nearest exit staircase shall not be less than 3m. (2) The travel distance from the most remote point to the splitting point shall not exceed the permissible one-way travel distance allowed in Table 2.2A. 1. 4. It shall comply with the following requirements: An exit passageway provides the same level of protection from the effects of fire and smoke as an exit staircase. No unprotected openings of occupancy area within 1.5m horizontally from window opening of internal staircase. A readily visible sign with the letterings “IN EMERGENCY, PUSH TO OPEN” shall be affixed onto the door. This device shall be housed in a break glass box located beside the sliding doors or roller shutters and fixed at a height of 1.2m above the finished floor level. The revised vision panel mounting height of 1200mm to 900mm was also found to be suitable for use by wheelchair users. 25 persons. This distance can be reduced to 1.5m if the unprotected openings are along the same plane of the staircase exit. Jalan Boon Lay (Full address will be sent upon successful payment)Mon to Fri: 9.30am - 4.00pmClosed on Sat, Sun & PH. An internal exit passageway which serves as required exit of a building shall comply with the following requirements: External exit passageway is not common in building under PG II owing to the restrictive requirements of high level ventilation of 1.8m above the finished floor level of passageway and the provision of fire doors opening into the passageway. a. That is why we must have both a primary and secondary supply. Sliding door and roller shutter as listed in Cl.2.3.9h. Temporary Fire Permit / Fire Safety Certificate. Certain materials can lead to a release of toxic compounds into the atmosphere, ground and water; special requirements must be set in place to limit and even eliminate such a hazard from taking place. Airport, the Changi Airfreight Centre or Seletar shall comply with all fire safety requirements, safety instructions, permit to work system and hot work procedures required by SCDF and as stipulated by CAG's Fire Safety Manual. Only single basement floor is involved. FSE criteria. In areas provided with A/C or MV and the roller shutters or sliding doors are required to be kept in the closed position most of the times, wicket doors shall be incorporated into the roller shutters or sliding doors. The minimum size of an air well shall comply with Table 1.4.2 for ventilation of: (2) exit passageways (as an extension to an exit staircase). (2)(e) : Exit doors & exit access doors. SCDF has a wide array of regulations regarding fire safety posted on their site for both home owners and businesses. Figure 2.3.2b. - 6 : Staircase re-entry floor. a. This need would arise if the evacuation descend in the staircase is being held-up because of locked exit door at 1st storey or other reasons. (b) in addition, the door shall be arranged to unlock from a manual override device located within the occupancy space, 1.2m above the floor and within 1.5m of the exit door jamb. Doors serving as main entrance into an enclosed stair shall not unduly block the stair landing or the stairs. For the above reasons, when the warehouse area is occupied, selected roller shutters or sliding doors that are not provided with wicket doors and located across means of escape would be kept in the open position to provide the required means of escape in an emergency. An internal exit staircase which serves as the required exit of the building shall be enclosed with construction complying with the provisions of Cl.3.8. emergency. A hardwood staircase can be used as an internal access staircase in building. SINGAPORE CIVIL DEFENCE FORCE SCDF – A member of the Home Team HQ SINGAPORE CIVIL DEFENCE FORCE, 91 UBI AVENUE 4, SINGAPORE 408827 TEL: 68481448 FAX: 68481489 EMAIL: Tong_Hong_Haey@scdf.gov.sg Page 2 detection and warning of a fire occurring within their homes, and aid in their timely evacuation. The lowering of vision panel to height not higher than 900mm and top edge lower than 1500mm is in line with the Accessibility Code requirement and enable firefighter to appreciate the situation during a fire emergency. D. Fire Detection and Alarm System 1. (e) Chemical company name and contact number. (1) it shall be enclosed with construction complying with the provisions of Cl.3.3; (2) the enclosure walls shall have not more than two exit doors, excluding the final discharge door and exit staircase door, opening into the exit passageway; (3) exit doors opening into an exit passageway shall have fire resistance rating as required for exit doors opening into exit staircases, be fitted with automatic self-closing device and comply with the requirements of Cl.3.9.2 for fire resisting doors; (4) the minimum width and capacity of exit passageway shall comply with the requirements as provided in Table 2.2A; (5) changes in level along an exit passageway requiring less than two risers shall be via a ramp complying with the provisions under Cl.2.3.8; and. It will be useless if by the time the smoke detectors sound out alarm, your escape path out of your home is no longer viable. Preventing fires is necessary not only for protecting your health, but also for protecting the environment. All qualified Fire Safety Manager (FSM)s are required to register with SCDF through the e-FSM portal. 5. Presence of fire is an obvious reason. The SIC will be the liaison officer with SCDF ground commander. The wicket door shall be of the swing type having a minimum head height of 2m and a clear width of not less than the required door clear width. In addition, any oversized (>60,000mm²) glass panels in the doors and fire-rated glass doors shall meet the Class A of the Impact Performance requirements when subject to test under BS 6206 or AS 2208. Note: Where the doors of exit staircases, smoke-free lobbies or fire lift lobbies are provided with one-way locking device or electromechanical lock, a signage, though not mandatory, should be provided to warn occupants that they would not be able to re-enter the floor should they exit from it. : Exit doors & exit access doors, Figure 2.3.9g. It also enables the user of the staircase to orientate his location or whereabouts. Basement exit staircases which are vertically aligned with the exit staircases of non-basement storeys shall be separated from such other exit staircases by construction having fire resistance for a minimum period equal to that required for the enclosure. Circular ramp having a gradient not greater than 1:12 is acceptable as an exit ramp. HQ SINGAPORE CIVIL DEFENCE FORCE, 91 UBI AVENUE 4, SINGAPORE 408827 TEL: 6848 1461 FAX: 6848 1490 EMAIL: Randy_Tan@scdf.gov.sg (ii) Where A/A works affect smoke-stop lobby, fire-fighting lobby or exit staircase, the provision of visual alarm system, PWD Holding Point and To overcome direct heat radiation through the doors, the oversized glass doors or fire-rated glass doors would be required to pass the fire test on insulation requirements under BS 476: Part 20 – 23, subject to complying with Cl.3.15.13, which prohibits fire rated glass door to protected shafts containing exit staircase and fire lift. Because of its destructive power, governments are taking special measures to ensure that both people and their belongings are protected as much as possible. Where an internal exit staircase is directly approached from an external exit passageway or external corridor, such enclosure between the staircase and the external exit passageway or external corridor is not required. Ventilation openings fronting an air well, external recessed space or external shall be in accordance with. Figure 2.3.9l. At the splitting point, the angle of divergence between any two alternative routes shall not be less than 90º in order that the routes originating from the splitting point can be considered as two-way travel. Where an exit opens onto an alley, court, or yard, a safe path of travel is to be provided to a public way or some equivalent safe area. One-way locking device e.g. ; and. (2)(b) : Exit doors & exit access doors. Door B & C - One-way locking device allowed (e.g. The two staircases shall be located as remotely from one another as practicable. activities on occupants evacuating pass them was initiated. Fire Plans (LSC 18.7.2.2 & 19.7.2.2) A written fire safety plan for Healthcare shall provide for the following: 1) Use of alarms 2) Transmission of alarm to fire department 3) Response to alarms 4) Isolation of fire 5) Evacuation of immediate area 6) Evacuation of smoke compartment 7) Preparation of floors / building for evacuation 8) Extinguishment of fire The dotted lines indicate the space that would be used by occupants exiting in the staircase. Start your new career right now! (2) The signage shall contain the following information: (a) the storey number, at least 125mm in height; and. National policies are required and inspectors are given proper training to evaluate the risk of fire for a building. Competitive salary. These plans should be placed at common areas where the public and occupants of the building are most likely to frequent or use and can locate them easily. It is allowed if the exit door does not serve a room or space with more than 50 persons. In addition, the car park buildings must be without commercial activity or non-ancillary usage. The purpose of panic exit device is to provide an intuitive means of escape for spaces housing large crowds to prevent stampede in a panic situation. The distance between the exit of staircases S1 & S2 is less than half the length of the max. (2) Internal exit passageways that cannot be naturally ventilated shall be mechanically ventilated to comply with the requirements in Chapter 7. All roller shutters or sliding doors that are not provided with wicket doors and located across means of escape are required to be kept in the open position when premise is occupied. (iii) Every storey shall be provided with cross ventilation. All exit ramps shall be provided with non-slip surface finishes. (i) The car park building shall not exceed five storeys above ground. indicated that occupants are able to escape safely to the exit staircases without being subject to untenable conditions in terms of temperature and It is an extension of an exit staircase. Remoteness of exits is measured along 1-hr fire-rated corridor with ½-hr fire doors. Exit passageway A on the first floor - the level of exit discharge – opens at one end to a five-storey exit stair enclosure and at the other end to a door to the outside. : Exit doors & exit access doors. Doors to exit staircases of standalone car park buildings that are without any commercial activities or non-ancillary usage can be omitted, provided that all of the following conditions are complied with: Fire safety engineering simulations using typical model of a 3-storey car park building were carried out to evaluate whether the fire-rated doors to the exit staircases could be omitted. Occupant B needs to travel more than 3 floors down to gain re-entry at 8th storey. Handrail may be constructed of timber or metal with plastic finish. However, should any warehouse building be open to the public for the purpose of Warehouse Sale, all the roller shutters or sliding doors, that are not fitted with wicket doors and located across the means of escape in the warehouse area, are required to be kept in the open position when the premise is occupied. He will provide For exit staircases with only 1.25m or less in width, a handrail can be provided only at one side, i.e. b. if the door is from an area from which more than 50 persons may be required to escape e.g. 3 As per SCDF’s Fire Code 2018 regulations, this electrical fire alarm system(s) is required to be connected to the SCDF’s Operations Centre through an approved alarm monitoring company. Normally a door used for means of escape should open in the direction of escape. The bottom edge of the vision panel shall be located at 900mm above the finished floor level. The lettering height should be 2.5cm minimum, e.g., Staircase A, and located at the bottom of the sign. (2) : Basement exit staircase, Figure 2.3.5d. during a fire emergency. As stringer is considered as part of an element of structure, it shall be of non-combustible material having the necessary fire resistance rating of ½ hour or 1 hour as the case may be under Cl.3.3. If the minimum 7m is less than the computed diagonal distance, the designer shall apply the latter diagonal separation distance. e. the provision of parapet wall, or balustrade for an external corridor shall be at most 1.1m and at least 1m in height along the outer side of the corridor; and. Exit ramps serving as means of escape to only one basement storey need not be protected by enclosure walls. : Exit doors & exit access doors. This is the ‘A’ Staircase in the building. Where upper storey staircase is allowed by the SCDF to be continuous with that serving a basement which is naturally ventilated, all of the following shall be complied with: The entry into the basement staircase shall be through a protected lobby, or directly from the basement occupancy area provided the door to the basement staircase is at least 1-hr fire-rated. Scissor exit staircase shall comply with the following: a. where two separate internal exit staircases are contained within the same enclosure, each exit staircase shall be separated from the other by non- combustible construction having fire resistance for a minimum period equal to that required for the enclosure; Clause 2.3.4a.-d. : Scissor exit staircase. In place of measuring physical distance between exit stair enclosure, distance for purposes of determining remoteness is permitted to be measured along a protected corridor. The separation distance measured in a straight line between the furthest edges of the doors of the two exits (exit staircases, exit passageways or exit ramps) shall not be less than 7m. (3) Where re-entry is provided from the staircase enclosure, it shall open into a common corridor that is connected directly to at least one other exit staircase. The sliding door/ roller shutter shall automatically open to the required width/ height (of door opening) upon the activation of the fire alarm. Cl.3.5 would prescribe the separation distance between that part of the building (A) and the external staircase (B) in accordance with the amount of unprotected openings provided in the external wall to part of the building (A). The main purpose of vision panel is to enable firefighters to appreciate the fire situation within the occupied spaces before entering. Circular staircases are not recommended for use as exit staircases due to their varying tread size, which can cause escaping occupants to lose footing and falling more frequently than straight run staircases.